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定语从句( )在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, , that, , as。
关系副词有：when, , why, how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1 、关系代词引导的定语从句
1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw .(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of 互换)，例如：
pass me the book (of ) is .
3) , that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A / that had been seen in the .( / that在句中作宾语)
The ( / that) you are is to come . ( / that在句中作宾语)
关系代词that和 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
不用that的情况：
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时
(错)The tree, that is four old, is very here.
b) 介词后不能用
We on the land from we get our food.
c) 多用who 的情况
①关系代词在从句中做主语
A who you in time of need is a real .
②先行词为, 时
who were or for not see the . ③先行词为all, , ones, one 指人时
One who 't work hard will in his work.
④在 be句型中 is a who to see you.
⑤在被分隔的定语从句中
A new will come who will you .
⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who，其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。
The who was at the is the that is very and very hard.
is a who is to help and who what he does.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在不定代词，如：, , , all, much, few, any, 等作先行词时，只用that，不用。
All that is is a of oil.
, the that he had to the .
b)先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。
He is the very man that the girl out of the .
c)先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。
The book that I read was "The and the " by Mark Twin. d)先行词既有人，又有物时。
He the and that he .
e)当主句是以who 或 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。
Who is the that is at the gate.
f)关系代词在从句中做表语
He is not the man that he used to be.
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